Exposure to cold that lowers core body temperature is called

• A. Hyperpyrexia
• B. Hyperthermia
• C. Fever
• D. Hypothermia

Answer: (D)

Hypothermia is the state caused by exposure to cold that lowers the core body temperature. It happens when heat loss exceeds heat production, so the body's core temperature drops below normal (typically below 95°F or 35°C). This is different from hyperthermia (too much heat in the body) and fever (a rise in body temperature due to infection) or hyperpyrexia (an extremely high fever). Early signs include shivering and cold, pale skin, then confusion, slowed speech or movement, and sluggishness as the temperature falls further. To treat, move to a warmer environment, remove wet clothing, add dry, insulating layers, and warm gradually; seek medical help for moderate to severe cases.